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<1234567…34>
  • Contention: LDI vs LD (ss), rAccording c.s.s. FAQ: instruction LD (ss),r breakdowns as pc:4,[b]ss:3[/b] and LDI as pc:4,pc+1:4,hl:3,[b]de:3,de:1 x 2[/b] can anyone explain why …

    ... ]ss:3[/b]
    and LDI as pc:4,pc+1 ... explain why WRITE operation in LDI introduces two delays? or that ... ] means that DE pointing to contended memory introduces 3 delays ?
    Fikee Fikee February 2011 Development
  • A few questions regarding EmuZwinA few questions regarding EmuzWin 1. I have been trying to write a program to generate multicolour effects on the Spectrum,ie more than 2 attributes…

    ... I noticed that sometimes an LDI is counted as taking 24 ... have something to do with contended memory, but don't know ...
    dmsmith dmsmith August 2004 Development
  • A few questions regarding EmuZwinI had posted this in the development forum and then remembered there was an emulators forum, so apologies for the repetition. 1. I have been trying …

    ... I noticed that sometimes an LDI is counted as taking 24 ... have something to do with contended memory, but don't know ...
    dmsmith dmsmith August 2004 Emulators
  • Games that crash because of contended memory.I find these are really annoying. You load up a game like Astro Marine Corps, Fantasy World Dizzy, Dizzy: Prince Of The Yolkfolk and so on (the init…

    ... the +2A/+3 having different contended banks...

    Anyway, I ...
    Jmk Jmk February 2006 Games
  • R Register, Contended RAM and ClonesHi. I've had a quick look at the CSS FAQ but didn't spot quite what I'm looking for (also the CSS FAQ doesn't have much detail of the clones - there …

    ... . What is the effect of contended RAM on the R-register ... not run any code in contended RAM, but I do make ... thing, but then without the contended RAM the HALT would take ...
    icabod icabod July 2006 Development
  • LDIR timings in contended RAM?The 48K Spectrum technical reference page ([URL="http://www.worldofspectrum.org/faq/reference/48kreference.htm"]here[/URL]) describes the detailed ti…

    ... describes the detailed timings of contended RAM. It gives timings ... residing in, or reading/writing, contended RAM.

    ... LDIR instruction in non-contended memory, and the source ... and destination (DE) addresses in contended memory.

    Machine ...
    ajmoss ajmoss June 2010 Development
  • Jet Set Willy Turbo edition!Improve the speed of the game with just a few pokes! Do the standard CLEAR 32767 : LOAD "" CODE to get at the BASIC loader (see Your Spectrum issue …

    ... screen with a series of LDI instructions. The game now moves ... wasn't kept in contended memory) The LDI instructions are stored at ...
    Jimmy Jimmy May 2011 Sinclair Miscellaneous
  • Quick question regarding contended memoryIf I've read the documentation correctly, the following applies: 128k/+3 "Memory banks 1,3,5 and 7 are contended" +2A/B/+3 "RAM banks 4, 5, 6 and 7…

    ... ,3,5 and 7 are contended"

    +2A/B/+3 ... , 5, 6 and 7 are contended."

    That means, that ...
    Sdw Sdw May 2012 Development
  • +2 grey Contended RAMhi all, i have some quenstions about, contended RAM are banks 1,3,5,7 banks are the pairs of IC's (4164), so 1 pairs = 16k X 4 pairs = 64k this 64…

    ... some quenstions about,

    contended RAM are banks 1,3 ... logic

    now psysical, contended RAM are the IC's ...
    xaris_sm xaris_sm March 2013 Hardware
  • Contended Memory woes...Hello All, An iccle problem I have and was hoping one of you fine WoSers could bail me out again... :) I've noticed that my emulator is running sli…

    ... be an issue with the contended memory not working as it ... [/url]

    I implemented contended memory simplistically but I'm ... check if the access is contended and if so I slap ... an index.

    My contended table is correct.
    My ...
    Korinel Korinel June 2013 Emulators
  • LDI questionWhen using LDI (or LDD) is it possible to access the value that is transfered from (HL) to (DE), or does the Z80 use an internal data cache to store …

    When using LDI (or LDD) is it possible to access the value that is transfered from (HL) to (DE), or does the Z80 use an internal data cache to store it?
    MatGubbins MatGubbins March 2014 Development
  • Timex contended memory timings, the TS2068 kludge board and EXROM at $4000 - $7FFFI haven't seen this documented anywhere yet so I thought I'd share my findings. I've been investigating contended memory timings on the Timex Sinclai…

    ... findings. I've been investigating contended memory timings on the Timex ... whether the CPU is accessing contended video memory or "uncontended" ROM ... might as well call this "contended ROM".

    This solves ...
    rga24 rga24 May 2014 Hardware
  • ZX Evolution -- contended memory and raster emulationFresh bleeding update for [url=http://www.nedopc.com/zxevo/zxevo_eng.php]ZX Evolution[/url] [url=https://code.google.com/p/pentevo/source/list]Baseco…

    ... [/url] -- raster and ULA contended memory emulation for original 48k ... rasters.

    2. Contended memory works only if you ... : for some help with raster/contended memory

    Mike ... your very valuable insight into contended memory topic and useful ...
    lvd lvd January 2015 Hardware
  • Contended memory and TritoneQuick question regarding contended memory...<div style="font-style: normal;"><br></div><div style="font-style: normal;">I'm testing ideas with Triton…

    Quick question regarding contended memory...
    I'm testing ... address and the data in contended memory, and it doesn't ...
    reidrac reidrac June 2015 Development
  • Let's copy buffers!Figured I'd do some double buffered graphics, so I can render for several frames before displaying stuff. Yes, I mean on a 48k speccy, so no 128k spe…

    ... particular emulator doesn't handle contended memory correctly, but relative ... /> ldi
    ldi
    ldi
    ldi
    ldi
    ldi
    ldi
    ldi
    ldi
    ldi
    ldi ...
    Sol_HSA Sol_HSA April 2016 Development
  • [Asm] Is this nested loop faster than LDIR or a bunch of unrolled LDI's?Hi all. I'm learning Z80 asm on Speccy 48K, and to start with I decided to write my own "CLS" routine (without relying on ROM calls or LDIR) as a lea…

    ... a partially unrolled set of LDI's (let's say 5 ...
    ST1 ST1 November 2018 Development
  • A few questions regarding EmuZwinI had posted this in the development forum and then remembered there was an emulators forum, so apologies for the repetition. 1. I have been trying …

    ... :03, dmsmith wrote:

    [LDI taking 24 Ts]

    contended memory, but don't know ... 's almost certainly due to contended memory. See the CSS FAQ ...
    Woody Woody August 2004 Emulators
  • help sought with first foray into machine code - pixel scrolldownI have started to code my first machine code program, a simple roadrace game. I've based it around the pixel scrolldown routine in 40 Best Machine Co…

    ... pe do?[/QUOTE]

    LDI decrements BC and sets the ... the 16k-32k area is contended which means the z80 has ... not much better than the ldi method and a far cry ...
    Alcoholics Anonymous Alcoholics Anonymous February 2008 Development
  • Which is the most technically accurate Spectrum Emulator?Ok, which is the most technically accurate Spectrum Emulator? Please don't just vote but give reasons why.

    ... Floating bus... failed (0xff)
    Contended memory... passed
    High port ... /> Floating bus... failed (0x00)
    Contended memory... failed (0xff)
    High ... BIT n,(IY+d)
    LDI
    LDD
    LDIR
    LDI
    LDD
    LDIR
    rich_chandler rich_chandler June 2009 Emulators
  • Skooldaze TooDear WoSsers, Thanks to Skoolkid's disassembly I'm attempting to write a new "improved" version called [B]Skooldaze Too[/B]. As part of the improvem…

    ... to top of code in contended RAM
    [*]Moved scrolling routines ... code outside contended RAM and used a nice little LDI/LDD block ... (such as Skooldaze logo) into contended RAM.
    [*]Moved a lot ... of routines out of contended RAM into the area above ...
    Jimmy Jimmy July 2009 Development
  • LDIR timings in contended RAM?The 48K Spectrum technical reference page ([URL="http://www.worldofspectrum.org/faq/reference/48kreference.htm"]here[/URL]) describes the detailed ti…

    ... Source (HL) is pointing to contended memory or not;
    [*] ... Destiantion (DE) is pointing to contended memory or not;
    [/ ... using chains of LDI instructions (e.g. 32 LDI instructions in ... note is that contended memory is not actually contended until the ...
    BloodBaz BloodBaz June 2010 Development
  • LDIR timings in contended RAM?The 48K Spectrum technical reference page ([URL="http://www.worldofspectrum.org/faq/reference/48kreference.htm"]here[/URL]) describes the detailed ti…

    ... time required per byte, including contended RAM overheads but excluding any ... external loops, is:
    [code]Contended: LDIR LDI

    Only (DE ... bytes more quickly than [b]ldi[/b] writes one. They're ...
    ajmoss ajmoss June 2010 Development
  • LDIR timings in contended RAM?The 48K Spectrum technical reference page ([URL="http://www.worldofspectrum.org/faq/reference/48kreference.htm"]here[/URL]) describes the detailed ti…

    And copying from and to contended memory is a real time- ... . Buffer the screen in non-contended memory and always copy from ... series of commands (e.g. LDI) to copy an entire row ... the rest of the bytes LDI commands. If you can get ...
    joefish joefish June 2010 Development
  • Using the stack to copy memory blocksA [b]PUSH[/b] and a [b]POP[/b] instruction together take less time than two [b]LDI[/b], so long [b]POP/PUSH[/b] sequences are sometimes used to copy …

    ... ]The quickest copy would use LDI during the uncontended part of ... kicks in, and back to LDI afterwards. Has anyone ever written ... from uncontended memory during the contended part of one raster (the ...
    joefish joefish August 2010 Development
  • Recent talk of developing new SpectrumsHi all, I can see from a few threads on here that some Wossers like Vasil and Aien 8 are interested in developing more powerful Spectrums or improvi…

    ... /> Specifically, screen RAM - which is contended and with a compatible design ... always will be contended. A faster CPU will help ... fast an unrolled set of LDI instructions will run) but of ...
    Winston Winston December 2010 Hardware
  • Contention: LDI vs LD (ss), rAccording c.s.s. FAQ: instruction LD (ss),r breakdowns as pc:4,[b]ss:3[/b] and LDI as pc:4,pc+1:4,hl:3,[b]de:3,de:1 x 2[/b] can anyone explain why …

    ... ]ss:3[/b]
    and LDI as pc:4,pc+1 ... explain why WRITE operation in LDI introduces two delays?[/quote]
    contended memory introduces 3 delays ?[/QUOTE ...
    Philip Kendall Philip Kendall February 2011 Development
  • Contention: LDI vs LD (ss), rAccording c.s.s. FAQ: instruction LD (ss),r breakdowns as pc:4,[b]ss:3[/b] and LDI as pc:4,pc+1:4,hl:3,[b]de:3,de:1 x 2[/b] can anyone explain why …

    ... .


    LDI routine
    [code]
    LDI x30
    JP ... ]

    if we forget contended memory, both routines should move ... .

    and results ?
    LDI - 2160 bytes
    POP - 2400 ...
    Fikee Fikee February 2011 Development
  • Fairlight's use of LDIRYS, comparing Fairlight and Nightshade, said: [quote]Fairlight is much more interesting even though the techniques that Bo Jangeborg uses for screen…

    ... solution that could challenge the LDI version. I'd also expect ... /> Won't the number of contended display accesses be the same ...
    obo obo January 2012 Sinclair Miscellaneous
<1234567…34>

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Related Threads

  • Games that crash because of contended memory.I find these are really annoying.<br /> <br /> You load up a game like Astro Marine Corps, Fantasy World Dizzy, Dizzy: Prince Of The Yolkfolk and so …
  • R Register, Contended RAM and ClonesHi.<br /> I've had a quick look at the CSS FAQ but didn't spot quite what I'm looking for (also the CSS FAQ doesn't have much detail of the clones - …
  • LDIR timings in contended RAM?The 48K Spectrum technical reference page ([URL="http://www.worldofspectrum.org/faq/reference/48kreference.htm"]here[/URL]) describes the detailed ti…
  • contended memory...so memory contention on the toastrack and the grey +2 is in the wrong place compared to the documentation, yet the +2a/b and +3 it is in the correct …
  • Contention: LDI vs LD (ss), rAccording c.s.s. FAQ:<br /> <br /> instruction LD (ss),r breakdowns as pc:4,[b]ss:3[/b]<br /> and LDI as pc:4,pc+1:4,hl:3,[b]de:3,de:1 x 2[/b]<br /> …
  • Quick question regarding contended memoryIf I've read the documentation correctly, the following applies:<br /> <br /> 128k/+3<br /> "Memory banks 1,3,5 and 7 are contended"<br /> <br /> +2A…
  • +2 grey Contended RAMhi all,<br /> <br /> i have some quenstions about,<br /> <br /> contended RAM are banks 1,3,5,7<br /> <br /> banks are the pairs of IC's (4164), so 1…
  • Contended Memory woes...Hello All,<br /> <br /> An iccle problem I have and was hoping one of you fine WoSers could bail me out again... :)<br /> <br /> I've noticed that my…
  • LDI questionWhen using LDI (or LDD) is it possible to access the value that is transfered from (HL) to (DE), or does the Z80 use an internal data cache to store …
  • Timex contended memory timings, the TS2068 kludge board and EXROM at $4000 - $7FFFI haven't seen this documented anywhere yet so I thought I'd share my findings. I've been investigating contended memory timings on the Timex Sinclai…

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