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How many T-states takes PUSH DE ?Hi. Just a quick one. According to z80.info docs, a PUSH DE should take 11 T-States to be executed. But WHAT if SP is pointing to Contended Memory,…
... PUSH DE should take 11 T-States to be executed.
T states looks OK, but shouldn't it take longer ... interrupts disabled but that shouldn't change the fact that the ... />
I think this 11 T states info is normal situation and ... -
Scrolling loader counter in 85 T-States?Would it be possible to write a scrolling loader counter in 85 T-States? I have a custom screen load routine that loads attribute first, then the …
... scrolling loader counter in 85 T-States?
I have a ... scrolling load counter in 85 t-states. Should be possible to update ... stack useage. My loader doesn't touch the stack, no calls ... -
Proxima user programs wantedCzech company Proxima software made/published a bunch of _very_ high quality user programs in 1990-1993 (in Czech), but they seem to be missing from …
... built-in monitor that can measure T-states. Can be loaded in any ... -
IDE emulation and delaysA few months ago I was told that IDE emulation, while perfectly usable, isn't accurate enough to compare it to IDE access on real hardware. On some e…
... worldofspectrum.org/forums/showthread.php?t=19240"]issues[/URL] and ... worldofspectrum.org/forums/showthread.php?t=25880"]wavIDE[/URL], but ... Fuse to introduce a few t-states of delay, so I ... would be necessary to measure how many t-states lasts the BSY condition ... -
Machine code optimisationI'm geting back into z80 coding and wonder what the best way of showing how efficient the code is. I've got Rodney Zaks book and see there are timin…
... each instruction - ie M Cycles. T States and time @ 2 MHz.
Is there any way to measure these using any of the ... -
Ensure my interrupt handler begins at the same T-stateHi! Is there a way to ensure that an IM 2 interrupt handler starts always at the same T-state (related to the moment the ULA triggers the INT line, w…
... starts always at the same T-state (related to the moment ... to last a number of T-states which is a multiple of ... portion of instructions that aren't HALT last a number of ... -
How do emulators make code appears as running at 3.5Mhz?Decent Z80 emulators on github return t-states after executing an instruction, giving you the ability to emulate Speccy relatively well. But there ar…
... Z80 emulators on github return t-states after executing an instruction, giving ... are two issues I don't understand yet.
... has 4 t-states (and may have up to 23 t-states), isn't ULA ... to multitasking, but if you measure loop every second, you can ... -
TZX to TAPIs there an application for the mac which will convert TZX files to TAP? I've searched around but can't find any.
... by the CPC (fixed t-states between CPC changing the ... t matter much as from the computer side we can only measure ... reason those CSWs can't be converted, if ... br /> [/quote]
isn't the only reason we want ... /> [/quote]
isn't the direct recording block good ... -
On 48k, can I copy 4k before next screen updateFollowing on from my thread at [url="http://www.worldofspectrum.org/forums/viewtopic.php?topic=6423&forum=11"]http://www.worldofspectrum.org/forums/v…
... bytes gets copied in 51200 T states which is < the ... or ~61440 T but this is something you should measure in an ... Spectaculator reports the number of T states since the last interrupt -- ... interrupt. There are about 14000 T states spent by the ula drawing ... -
Features that emulators don't haveI believe most of us use more than one emulator, mainly because there isn't one emulator that has all the features we need or want to use. We also kn…
... aware this wouldn't be a 100% accurate measure because of memory ... simple optimization tests. Adding up T-states with pen and paper can ... -
How does interrupts work?I am a little confused regarding the interrupts on the Spectrum. If I have some hundred bytes of machine code started with, say, [B]RANDOMIZE USR 300…
... and can be used to measure the passage of time in ... counting on reading it to measure time passed. If you can ... /> Is it known how many t-states in one second that is ... -
Contention and floating bus timingHello, I was recently playing a bit with memory contention and floating bus stuff in ZXDS and there is one thing which puzzles me a bit. It is the d…
... contention they are trying to measure.
Philip ... level within particular instruction T-states that are not measurable ... starts 2 T-states [I]before[/I] the contended memory T-states. See ... why the usual documented T-states (contention start at 14335 ... -
Contention and floating bus timingHello, I was recently playing a bit with memory contention and floating bus stuff in ZXDS and there is one thing which puzzles me a bit. It is the d…
... suggests why the usual documented T-states (contention start at 14335) ... samples the IRQ 3 states later after ULA pulls ... ). And yet some others measure it who knows how ( ... contention starts 2 T-states before the contended memory T-states.[/QUOTE]
... -
Contention and floating bus timingHello, I was recently playing a bit with memory contention and floating bus stuff in ZXDS and there is one thing which puzzles me a bit. It is the d…
... T-state would you say it was usual for tests to measure ... out which of all four T states are contented and which ... The first one can't be certainly contended by IO ... br /> Now wait, wasn't the #7FFF supposed to be ... Isn't it more like that not all four states are ... -
Contention and floating bus timingHello, I was recently playing a bit with memory contention and floating bus stuff in ZXDS and there is one thing which puzzles me a bit. It is the d…
... This doesn't tell us which T states were contended and ... nor how many contended T states there are. Then we ... first and last contended T states, by running the instruction ... the test is to measure the execution of an ... 'll be able to measure the number of contended ... -
Contention and floating bus timingHello, I was recently playing a bit with memory contention and floating bus stuff in ZXDS and there is one thing which puzzles me a bit. It is the d…
... QUOTE=csmith;213979]I don't know. I've always ... you'll be able to measure the number of contended ... , I talk about which T states of the IO/instruction are ... I think we don't need to discuss this anymore ... you said, luckily it doesn't matter).
Edit: ... -
CPU speed measure possible?Is it possible to measure the CPU speed and shows the result on a LED display? Micky
... from ULA. We don't want to measure the accuracy of the ... , nor do we want to measure whether z80 instuctions use the ... idea. Then the 'number of T-states lost today' could be displayed... -
Better or Worst! Speccy vs C64Just wanted to see what games you all thought looked better or played better on the Speccy or the C64? I always thought that Renegade & Target Ren…
... english, it's cycles or T-states. T-states is more z80-specific as ... ) that constitute a number of T-states to accomplish some external bus ... , MIPS is a nearly useless measure except for only a very ... -
Which Speccy game had best border effectsIn truth, I'm just trying to remember a game from my youth, and the amazing border effect during pause is the only thing I can clearly recall about i…
... i.e. multiples of 4 T-states. So unless you calculate the ... it is possible to automatically measure the duration of any code ... need, run at particular T cycle, with T cycle accuracy. See the ... worldofspectrum.org/forums/showthread.php?t=17551&page=10# ... -
Reported CPU speedThe original 16/48K spectrum is often reported as having a CPU at 3.54MHz. While watching Micro Men this evening (see approx 00:54:50), I wondered wh…
... z80..
how to measure a z80 though, by electrical ... affect things ?
the t-states can be used to get ... -
Brazilian TK90X and TK95SpecEmu provides explicit support for Brazilian TK90X. Other emulators provide indirect support (perhaps the "Spectrum 48K NTSC" option in Fuse?). Al…
... real TK90X when trying to measure "frame length", thus not providing ... on the TK90X is 59736 T-states!
[I]EDIT ... " and "iocontention" from fusetest didn't work.[/I] -
Brazilian TK90X and TK95SpecEmu provides explicit support for Brazilian TK90X. Other emulators provide indirect support (perhaps the "Spectrum 48K NTSC" option in Fuse?). Al…
... br />
I don't have a TK90X right now ... (although contention detection didn't work for the Brazilian TK90X ... .krakow.pl/~jb/qaop/t/minfo.tap"]minfo[/URL ... it will be 4 T-states further than marked in the ... you won't be able to accurately measure positions 4,5 ... -
T-States?Can anyone point me to any good reading (or summarise) that will explain exactly what a tstate is? At the moment for me, tstates are a useful gauge …
... 3.5 million t-states per second as t-state is measure for one ... . if an instruction takes 11 t-states it takes 1/3.5M ... -
T-States?Can anyone point me to any good reading (or summarise) that will explain exactly what a tstate is? At the moment for me, tstates are a useful gauge …
[QUOTE=tstih;641346]ZX Spectrum CPU speed is 3.5Mhz. This means 3.5 million t-states per second as t-state is measure for one complete clock cycle.[/QUOTE]
But remember on the 128 it's 3.5469 million t-states/second. -
T-States?Can anyone point me to any good reading (or summarise) that will explain exactly what a tstate is? At the moment for me, tstates are a useful gauge …
... actions take a multiple of T-states to complete. The speed ... fetch operation that takes 4 T-states to complete. Instructions are ... as some number of T-states. The M-cycles themselves ...
In conclusion, T-states are the correct measure for time on the ... -
Performance Analyser?Disclaimer: Im asking this question as a "non-programmer" so please forgive my ignorance if this turns out to be a daft question. During the life-sp…
... by the hand, by counting t-states in intense loops like sprite ... , at least) allows to measure time in t-states between two breakpoints. There ... -
Ticks, the first command line Z80 emulatorThe project page is in Spanish: [url]http://retrolandia.net/foro/showthread.php?tid=43[/url] So I will expain a little. Ticks is an emulator that …
... format but apparently it didn't provide a correct result. ... routine started executing at 35050 T-states since frame start, stopped at ... 62977+11 T-states since frame start, and ... 10*69888=726818 T-states.
Now when I measure the same ... -
Ticks, the first command line Z80 emulatorThe project page is in Spanish: [url]http://retrolandia.net/foro/showthread.php?tid=43[/url] So I will expain a little. Ticks is an emulator that …
... routine started executing at 35050 T-states since frame start, stopped ... at 62977+11 T-states since frame start, and ... *69888=726818 T-states.
Now when I measure the same ... ]
Ticks doesn't emulate contention. What you see ... -
Brazilian TK90X and TK95SpecEmu provides explicit support for Brazilian TK90X. Other emulators provide indirect support (perhaps the "Spectrum 48K NTSC" option in Fuse?). Al…
... number of T-states in a frame, the number of T-states in a ... do not know how to measure contention time. Is there already ... ]. The frame length is 71136 T and line length is 228 ... T (same as 60 Hz).
< ... -
Machine code optimisationI'm geting back into z80 coding and wonder what the best way of showing how efficient the code is. I've got Rodney Zaks book and see there are timin…
... each instruction - ie M Cycles. T States and time @ 2 MHz.
Is there any way to measure these using any of the ... />
Unless you're doing t-state critical stuff like border ... onto the screen (and don't bother using a back-buffer ...
