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  • P.O.W.As far as I know, a port of P.O.W. (Prisoners of War) from NHK, doesn't exist. [img]https://cld.pt/dl/download/61d19b5e-453b-489c-b17b-d3ed6fccd594/…

    ... instructions, which amounts to 16T states per each screen byte (8 pixels ... faster, which amounts to 13T states per each screen byte, and with ... br /> LDI would be 16T states per screen byte if it were ... partially by contention. I won't even try to explain exactly ...
    AndyC AndyC June 2016 Development
  • P.O.W.As far as I know, a port of P.O.W. (Prisoners of War) from NHK, doesn't exist. [img]https://cld.pt/dl/download/61d19b5e-453b-489c-b17b-d3ed6fccd594/…

    ... is that there isn't enough time in a ...
    224 is number of T-states in pixel line. What Hikaru ... - for simplicity, count 224T per pixel line.
    So if ... can copy roughly 11 bytes per pixel line (5 while ... you have cca 27000 T when writing to screen area ...
    catmeows catmeows June 2016 Development
  • Saving and loading data in assembly.I want to add a save and load feature to an project I'm working on. Since it's not that much data in size I thought I'd use the ROM functions, but ho…

    ... built in and shows a per-instruction and running total in ... query the running total using t(address).

    Not ... http://members.shaw.ca/gp2000/T-states.txt"]table of cycle counts ...
    Unfortunately the assembler doesn't have an output format that ...
    gp2000 gp2000 August 2016 Development
  • Why doesnt this work???Simple piece of code wont do as it should, just want to fill the top 22 lines of screen with an attribute value (150) but it wont have any of it. Som…

    ... " - ld sp, (nn) is 20 t states compared to just 10 for ... . On the spectrum you don't often care about these two ... his main code and couldn't figure out why he was ... re-entrancy is a concern (multiple tasks) and memory protection might ...
    Alcoholics Anonymous Alcoholics Anonymous October 2016 Development
  • How would you approach parallax?So ... there is this trick by Joffa that we all know...of waiting for the ULA to reach certain pattern on the screen using the IN command. And then s…

    ... /> POP HL
    }
    ;; 46 t-states[/code]

    Is there ... . I need 46 t-states for 2 bytes. Or 736 per scan line ... scan lines hence 29.440 t-states. If I can spend the ... rest up to 60k t-states filling emptied column and drawing ...
    tstih tstih December 2016 Development
  • What should your speccy have come with ?:) I was thinking about this earlier. What changes should of been made to the Speccy when you purchased yours ? Realistically this topic really…

    ... 6502 could handle more instructions per clock cycle, and access to ... , unless the programmer knew their t-states intimately (I'm looking at ...
    Bad Horsey Bad Horsey January 2017 Sinclair Miscellaneous
  • Akalabeth gamei found now that someone ported an ansi-basic game (coded in 1979?) to msx-basic - what about a zx-spectrum basic version of it? ;) https://plus.goo…

    ... creature of each type per level. Although these extra ... area the game doesn't know where they are ... as they don't get allocated coordinates when ... ghosts, so they can't attack or be attacked ... vigour; ie. allow multiple active creatures per type per level.
    ...
    Battle Bunny Battle Bunny May 2017 Sinclair Basic
  • Need help from people with a +2A/+3Started a topic [url="https://www.worldofspectrum.org/forums/discussion/55141/need-help-from-people-with-a-2a-3"]here[/url] to get a broader reach, b…

    ... very different anyway. I don't see the need for this ... of the test, after last operation with memory during previous iteration ... seen what is returned at T states 'before the screen' in Woody ... , but not my test (the T state listing part). If it ...
    Hikaru Hikaru September 2017 Development
  • Need help from people with a +2A/+3Started a topic [url="https://www.worldofspectrum.org/forums/discussion/55141/need-help-from-people-with-a-2a-3"]here[/url] to get a broader reach, b…

    ... border or during the four T states in between reading the two ... memory pages by Z80 (including operation code fetching) affects on floating ... , (the value of the last operation with slow memory (pages 4 ...
    weiv weiv September 2017 Development
  • Cubic RevealI just though I'd develop this a little further. Written a while ago on a whim! [img]https://dl.dropbox.com/s/p44y5dda49ucmop/square_reveal_1_1.gi…

    ... times per cycle, so in all a saving of 768 t-states.
    Arkannoyed Arkannoyed December 2017 Development
  • Detecting +3 / +2AWhat's a simple but reliable way to detect if code is running on a +2A/+3? My first though was to try switching to ROM2 and then checking for the …

    ... to exploit, but I haven't tried it myself. I ... read / write to 2 T-states out of every 8. But ... written over 16 T-states (one byte every 8 T-states).

    ... of 7 and 9 T-states (plus any multiple of 8 you need ... a 48K or 128K wouldn't have a problem with ...
    joefish joefish December 2017 Development
  • Making sound using the BEEPER in AssemblyI had a look at the the documentation but it doesn't make sense to me. To make music just the beeper all I have to do is send ones and zeros to one o…

    ... ]
    11 T states for OUT (C),A vs. 12 T states for OUT ... all outputs to a multiple of 8 t-states, like @Hikaru mentioned. With ... rotate a byte in 5 t-states.

    That said, I ...
    utz utz July 2018 Assembler
  • Making sound using the BEEPER in AssemblyI had a look at the the documentation but it doesn't make sense to me. To make music just the beeper all I have to do is send ones and zeros to one o…

    ... between the contended T states of OUT commands (T state 2/4 ... This causes its 'contended T state' to be aligned ... with the first uncontended T state of the 8T ... aligned with the uncontended T state of the 8T ... hit by contention just once per each loop entry, which ...
    Hikaru Hikaru July 2018 Assembler
  • Printing text, part MMXIIXI'm pretty sure there's been a zillion threads about this already, and I don't think it's the first one by myself either, but here goes. Proportiona…

    ... separate array with 8 bytes per each character, which is ... but somehow it doesn't strike me as suggesting some ... aren't many options except doing several additions per each ... line of a single character, which I think isn't ... 'brown fox' in 7647 T states c:
    Hikaru Hikaru December 2018 Development
  • border effectsive been playing around with border effects like 10 border 1 20 border 2 30 pause 1 40 goto 10 ,etc i even wrote one in machine code. …

    ... second) but nonetheless isn't an instantaneous operation. Each time it gets ... requires minimal parsing and doesn't have to do much work ... ) and it doesn't bother to wait for the ... causes the border to display multiple colours within a single frame ...
    AndyC AndyC May 2019 BASIC
  • How do emulators make code appears as running at 3.5Mhz?Decent Z80 emulators on github return t-states after executing an instruction, giving you the ability to emulate Speccy relatively well. But there ar…

    ... of screen according to the T-States elapsed since the last write ... /> For frame timing, emulate enough T-States to get to the magic ... buffer of samples (44,100 per second, so divide that by ... accurate timing (you want 20ms per frame, but Windows will generally ...
    Dunny Dunny October 2019 Development
  • ZEsarUX Beta 8.1Hi! I have uploaded a new ZEsarUX 8.1 BETA version. You can download compiled versions for Windows, Mac, and the source code from: https://gith…

    ... : IM mode 0 is 1 t-state shorter than IM mode ... the IM instructions take 8 t-states

    In practice, under ... the same number of t-states (11) as per above.

    Regards ...
    dbolli dbolli November 2019 Emulators
  • ZEsarUX Beta 8.1Hi! I have uploaded a new ZEsarUX 8.1 BETA version. You can download compiled versions for Windows, Mac, and the source code from: https://gith…

    ... : IM mode 0 is 1 t-state shorter than IM mode ... the IM instructions take 8 t-states

    In practice, under ... the same number of t-states (11) as per above.

    Regards ...
    rich_chandler rich_chandler November 2019 Emulators
  • 50+ FPS GAMESHi guys) Which was the first Speccy game with 50/60 frames per second? And what was the main reason? Thank you

    ... moaning that Forbidden Planet wouldn't match Dark Star's 50FPS ... thought more in terms of t-states and processor cycles. Starion was ... through a massive PUSH / POP operation between screen refresh cycles, so ...
    Bad Horsey Bad Horsey April 2020 Games
  • Scrolling loader counter in 85 T-States?Would it be possible to write a scrolling loader counter in 85 T-States? I have a custom screen load routine that loads attribute first, then the …

    ... loading time remaining. Don't think it's ever been ... of just a couple of T states would typically result in ... hacker group beginning with T. Can't remember or find it ... each taking max.300-400 T states. There's no attempt ... just [i]once[/i] per frame. -I do think ...
    Hikaru Hikaru December 2020 Assembler
  • z88dk sp1 Scene EditorHi, I've been developing for the last couple of weeks a scene editor (tile editor + scene tile placement+ export to c sp1 compatible) to aid me in…

    ... 13:13:07 Return multiple values as per https://stackoverflow.com/ ... 13:13:07 Return multiple values as per https://stackoverflow.com/ ... 13:13:07 Return multiple values as per https://stackoverflow.com/ ...
    Note: if you don't use Log::Log4perl, you can ...
    dbolli dbolli January 2021 Development
  • Is it possible to use two spectrums linked with one acting like a co-processor?Just wondering. Would be kind of interesting, but I guess two interface ones would be needed, or was there other ways to connect. What about ear t…

    ... connection, the protocol takes 0-t states, the case of having 2 ... /> Being twice as fast doesn't cut it, right? Loading an ... of 15. A 25 frame per second game will become a ... in theory, it just doesn't work out in practice. Most ...
    Timmy Timmy September 2022 Hardware
  • LINE-routine and other nice pieces of codeThe line-topic came in the end with a nice piece of fast coding. I think that there might be more of these routines out there (where-ever-u-r). Isn…

    ... -u-r).

    Isn't nice to collect these pieces ... code to start emulating : 36 T states !! (sum (..) )
    Dr BEEP Dr BEEP October 2001 Sinclair Miscellaneous
  • 64loader.txtIs the txt file wrong about the 0 and 1 waves? The mechanism that detects the amplitude change on C64 only works in one way i.e. it only detects the…

    ... pair of pulses (it doesn't matter the length of each ... ) : 616 T-States
    Medium (m) : 896 T-States
    Long (l) : 1176 T-States
    Fraser Fraser January 2004 Sinclair Miscellaneous
  • Proxima user programs wantedCzech company Proxima software made/published a bunch of _very_ high quality user programs in 1990-1993 (in Czech), but they seem to be missing from …

    ... -in monitor that can measure T-states. Can be loaded in any ...
    asgard asgard June 2004 MIA/STP/SDP
  • ScanlinesHere's an excerpt from the FAQ: [quote] Now for the timings of each line itself: define a screen line to start with 256 screen pixels, then border, …

    ... All this takes 224 T states. Every half T state a pixel is ... it does so each 4 T states (and then it reads ... 128 T states of screen, 24 T states of right border, 48 T states of ... horizontal retrace and 24 T states ...
    GOC GOC July 2004 Development
  • RZX for Sabre WulfI was just about to send an RZX for Sabre Wulf to the RZX Archive when I noticed they don't accept Ultimate's (and other companies' who haven't given…

    ... when I noticed they don't accept Ultimate's (and other ... companies' who haven't given permission) files. Why's ... with some additional stuff like T-states.
    J?rg Pleumann J?rg Pleumann October 2004 Games
  • Does ScanLine[0] have a left border?My emulator couldn't handle Cobra or ShortCircuit so I added some rough port FF values. I now want to make it a bit more accurate. The FAQ gives me a…

    My emulator couldn't handle Cobra or ShortCircuit so ... /> "Each line takes exactly 224 T states. After an interrupt occurs, 64 ...
    Unique Unique February 2005 Development
<1…6789101112…34>

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